There lies an opportunity for significant cost savings in the installation of subsea cables in offshore wind farms which is why the current work proposes a state-of-the-art method for monitoring the cable during installation. The proposed method enables offshore crew to look through the water with the use of augmented reality. To this end a real-time numerical model of the subsea cable dynamics is developed. The model is created in programming language C# and visualization in augmented reality is done using the game-engine Unity. This development environment is uncommon for engineering and scientific purposes and has been selected based on its ability to visualize model results in augmented reality, its extensive graphics library, its capability to process real-time in- and outputs and its free availability. Relevant physics are analyzed on contribution to global cable geometry and tension for the case of shallow water cable laying, resulting in an equation of motion which is sufficiently accurate for representing the physical phenomena occurring during cable lay. An assessment of the measurements required by the model during operation is made. The main challenge of modeling in real-time is that the average model time step is limited by available computational power, in turn limiting the axial stiffness range which can be modeled without the occurrence of numerical instability. Discretization is done using a lumped mass method. It is shown that cable dynamics can be modeled in real-time using an explicit method and that overcoming the associated limitation on axial stiffness does not lead to inaccurate results. The developed numerical solution is verified using OrcaFlex, which is typical software for dynamic analysis of offshore marine systems. An augmented reality interface is developed, including color codes indicating the structural state of the cable. The current work enables the visualization of the real-time model in augmented reality. Potential legal issues related to the implementation of augmented reality during offshore cable lay are outlined during a collaboration with Tilburg University. Successful practical implementation of the proposed innovation is associated with promising opportunities.

The purpose of the research is to provide insight into the conversion of a second-hand vessel into an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plant. To this end, a 10 MW ship-shaped OTEC platform, located in the waters around Curaçao, has been designed.
At present, only a few of OTEC plants are in operation, primarily with the purpose of research and development. These projects consist of small scale onshore platforms, the biggest of which produces a maximum of 100 kW of continuous electricity. The lack of existing large oshore OTEC installations, together with the time frame of the project, limit the project to a concept design. Ultimately, the report will serve as a guideline for the implementation of ship-shaped OTEC platforms.
The use of Systems Engineering (SE) has been motivated by the need to establish a clear structure to address effectively the challenges posed by the complexity of the installation. This methodology facilitates the revision of the performance of the ship-shaped OTEC throughout the design process.
From the initially defined Top Level Requirements (TLRs) a plant architecture has been developed, covering the engineering of the power plant, selection of mooring system and dimensioning of the second-hand Panamax bulker to be converted. The research has brought forward the main drivers of the design: process ducting, water pipes and, particularly, heat exchangers. As a result, the integration of process equipment, mooring system and hull has rendered an optimized platform layout.
The proposed solution was, then, assessed with regards to the utilization of space on board and the stability of the hull. While the ratio of occupied versus empty space is deemed adequate, it is necessary to add ballast water to increase the draft and the use of alternative solutions, such as bilge keels or fixed ballast in the top side tanks, to dimish the excess of stability of the hull.
Overall, the findings of the research suggest that the construction and operation of a ship-shaped OTEC plant is feasible. Nevertheless, a holistic validation demands for the incorporation of all new components, followed by structural and hydromechanic analysis of the platform. Lastly, it is recommended to study the use of different heat exchanger types and power ouputs that could derive in more space-efficient
design.

Rationale - Increasing world population and consumption, and rising dependency on certain countries for the supply of raw materials lead to the demand for new raw material resources. This demand, combined with the increase in complexity of new land-based mining operations increases the chances for a viable offshore mining business case. Goal and scope - The aim of this research is twofold. The first aim is to fill knowledge gaps in the offshore mining value chain, with a focus on the processing of the mined material. The second goal is to assess if shallow water offshore mining is a viable business option. Explicitly left out of scope are the exploration for mineral deposits as well as the detailed or new design of an extraction method for subsea minerals. Furthermore, resources beyond the continental plate are not part of this research. Approach - To answer the first goal of this research, an extensive literature study is performed comprising an assessment of potential offshore mineable minerals and their respective markets. It also included an analysis of current land-based mineral processing techniques and its limitations in an offshore environment. Furthermore environmental, legislative and tax aspects were included as well as detailed descriptions of future offshore mining projects, and current dredge mining projects. To assess the viability of an offshore mining project, a case study is set-up of a prospective offshore mining project. A method for executing the case study is developed. Results of the case study - For the case study the mineral deposit has been studied and based on its mineral characteristics a location specific processing flow sheet is developed. The case study resulted in a set of execution alternatives, from which a preferred option was selected. Based on this option the viability of the project is assessed with the use of a discounted cash flow method (DCF-method). Conclusions - Main knowledge gaps are identified as the impact on the environment, and the lack of legislation regarding offshore mining. Furthermore, it should be noted, that the public opinion regarding offshore mining is important to consider as well.

The past decade the packing approach was developed at the TU Delft. This tool automatically generates tens of thousands of ship designs in order to fully explore the design space. This is opposed to the traditional way of ship design, where just a limited number of designs can be elaborated. The result is a set of ship designs that can be used both to obtain initial sizing parameters of the ship, and to relate the impact of design decisions on performance characteristics.

It is questioned whether resulting sets of designs really contain tens of thousands of different ships, or just a couple of really different ships that have only minor variations. It is thus questioned whether such a set of ship designs can be divided into families. This is investigated in this thesis.

In order to attack this problem in a generic fashion, the ship designs were approached from a numerical perspective. It was found that in the field of data science, clustering algorithms exist which are devoted to find clustering structures in data. Therefore these techniques, such as PCA and k-means, were applied to data at hand. In a test case this method is applied to divide the set of designs from a mine countermeasures vessel into families.

First it was questioned whether families could be used in order to assess the survivability of machine systems of these ships. The resulting families matched the families regarding the position of the gun, which were already known upfront. Although these families are not sufficient to fully assess the survivability of these ships, this analysis showed that most probably no other structure is present, stimulating more straightforward definitions of families.

In a second test case the same MCMV was divided into families regarding the layout of the designs. It then appeared that the dataset at hand was built by ten distinct runs of the packing approach which were combined to this one total set. The method showed that it could be pointed out, just by looking at the designs, which design was generated in which run. This showed that the dataset might not be as diverse as it seems. Since it is the core idea for the packing approach to explore a big part of the design space, thus generating a diverse set of ship designs, this motivates new research to tackle this issue.

Constructing the general arrangement of a ship tends to be a very complex naval architectural problem. There are multiple systems that all work integrally. Some of these systems need to be placed together, others need to be separated and some systems probably need to be both at the same time for different objectives. The preliminary ship design phase is all about finding the balance between these objectives and possibilities within the arrangement. Automated general arrangement generation methods, such as the TU Delft pack- ing approach and IECEM, have created an algorithm and methodology that are able to generate thousands of feasible ship designs corresponding to the desired requirements. These approaches combine a bin-packing and a genetic algorithm in order to create a diverse set of possible designs. Although optimisation approaches can efficiently generate and search for a set of designs, it can not automatically select a design, van Oers et al. (2008). Out of the cloud of generated designs, choosing and evaluating those designs that are of most interest seems to be a more difficult task, DeNucci et al. (2008). Human rationale deems necessary to decide what properties of an arrangement can be analysed as “good” or “bad”. Using computational force to assist with design selection based on qualitative properties needs a way of capturing this rationale, which is demon- strated by DeNucci. Subsequently, this captured knowledge needs to be applied in a methodology to actually analyse the data by this rationale.

Design selection of computer generated arrangements is currently based upon performance parameters fo- cusing on numerical characteristics of the designs. Spatial relations within the interior layout can now only be manually analysed, which is merely possible for a singular design. This results in a lack of understanding of spatial and physical relationships, or qualitative properties, within the designed arrangement. This thesis proposes a method that is able to quantitatively compare these qualitative properties by creating a measure of effectiveness of the interior layout, or arrangement, of the designs. This is done by creating a simplified representation of the 3D arrangements using network theory.

By converting system objects and connections of these systems into nodes and edges, a mathematical net- work description of the arrangement is possible. Using eigenvector and betweenness centrality measures, rank and weights are given to these system objects. Design rules based upon rationale captured by DeNucci are set up and used to analyse connections between these systems. A scoring algorithm is created that is able to combine the ranks of the systems with the captured rationale to give a singular performance parameter, or measure of effectiveness of the interior layout characteristics of the designs. Application of this method to a data set of small cruise ship designs shows the capabilities of this methodology and the ability to quantita- tively compare the qualitative properties of these designs.

A data set of over 20,000 cruise ship designs created by the TU Delft packing approach is analysed by the use of the method. This demonstrates that the proposed method can be used on an entire data set allowing design selection based on the quality of the provided arrangements. The proposed method can be used to filter the data set of those arrangements whose quality seems to be too poor to be taken into account in design selection. Having these arrangements in the data set is still necessary, as this allows the genetic algorithm to create enough diversity within the design space. The proposed method can find specific physical properties of the arrangements and should lead to improved design space exploration of layout features of the generated designs.

Capturing the quality of the design into a single measure of effectiveness brings problems as well. It allows the possibility of direct comparison of a large number of designs, but does not relate back to why designs score differently. Splitting design rules into different design objective scores, and possibly summing this later, could allow the designer to relate back to the design rationale and why a design scores better or worse. This would lead to more understanding of possibilities and problems within the proposed arrangements.

In the packaging industry, there are certain criteria that characterize whether a package is sustainable or not. Thus, the design of the product is decided by satisfying the aforementioned criteria. However, when the whole supply chain is under study, the process is not so straightforward and the related science field is Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM). In this master thesis the effects of the food industry specific supply chain sustainability criteria on the package design will be investigated. With a thorough literature review those criteria are going to be identified, while with interviews data about the current package alternatives of certain products will be collected. With these inputs a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem is formulated and will be solved with the use of the Best-Worst Method (BWM). On the one hand, the BWM achieves the ranking of the supply chain sustainability criteria by estimating their respective weights and on the other hand the selection of the optimal design among the alternatives. The implementation of the analysis took place for three selected products of the Kraft Heinz Company; the Heinz Tomato Ketchup, the Heinz Seriously Good Mayonnaise and the Heinz Beans. The preferences of the supply chain members of these selected products were documented and the optimal package designs were selected. It has to be underlined that equal importance was given to the weights of the six different supply chain members and the three dimensions of sustainability. The dispenser Sauce – O – Mat was selected as optimal for the sauces, while the Can for the beans. It was proved through what-if scenarios that modifying the weights that that decision-maker assigns to the preferences of the supply chain members and the importance of the dimensions of sustainability has an effect on the selection of the optimal design. In the end, a decision-making tool was created that improves the selection process of package alternatives in the food packaging industry.