Burdened by oil imports and subsidies for more than 5000 diesel power plants, Indonesia aims to use crude palm oil (CPO) as fuel in the power plants. Previous studies only focused on the technical feasibility of using CPO. Therefore, this study aimed to enrich the existing literature by analyzing the technical feasibility of using CPO, degummed CPO, and bleached palm oil (BPO) fuels on endurance test for 500 operational hours with a 20 kW diesel engine capacity for each type of fuels. Our analysis included component rating and the measurement of specific fuel consumption, emissions, oil dilution, and deposit materials. The assessment concluded that diesel engines using CPO, BPO, and degummed CPO increased specific fuel consumption, deposit formation, and emissions of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide compared to engines using a 30% FAME blend in HSD or Biodiesel 30. This implies that CPO, BPO, and degummed CPO could be used in diesel engines, though fuel consumption and maintenance costs tend to increase. Based on the test results, we provided an efficient CPO supply chain from CPO mills to diesel power plants.@en

Indonesia aims to decarbonize the energy sector by accelerating the use of new and renewable energy, expected to reach 31% of total energy supply in 2050. One of important tools to achieve the target is renewable energy potential maps including hydro energy potential maps. Yet, existing hydro energy potential maps have several weaknesses such as sites coordinate not on the river network. This study aims to update and to improve the run-off river system energy hydro maps by using a novel method considering multiple factors that are head values, discharge river, gravity, and the efficiency of the hydro system. In calculating the head value, we use DEM data from SRTM 1 arc second to estimate difference between upstream and downstream elevations. We also did Q90 modeling using WFLOW software as generate the discharge value. In the end, we verified the maps by using field measurement data in 776 sites from previous study. As a result, we estimate the total potential of hydro energy with the run-off river system in Indonesia reaches 94,627 MW distributed in 52,566 sites.@en