Most countries mitigate climate alter impacts by deploying renewable energy to decarbonize their energy system. One of the emerging renewable energy options is the integration of floating photovoltaic (FPV) and hydropower. The FPV has higher efficiency and helps to reduce evaporation and offset hydropower production during the dry season. Conversely, hydropower can overcome intermittent solar production due to its flexibility. Our study aims to estimate the energy potentials from FPV plants and hydropower integrations in Indonesia. As result, the country has 5,807 potential reservoirs for FPV and 26 hydropower plants with a reservoir area with a potential utilization of more than 1 MW. Those sites are suitable for 3 GW floating power plants and 2.8 GW hydropower. And those sites can reduce CO2 emissions by 2,911,197 tonnes per year. @en

Smart cities offer an opportunity to households to use low-carbon electricity from rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV). The capacity of rooftop solar PV has been growing rapidly in a developed country, especially Australia that has a capacity of 8 GWp in 2018. Developing countries also have a similar aim. For an instance, Indonesia has encouraged the use of rooftop PV through the regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 49 of 2018 concerning the use of rooftop PV systems by consumers of the State-owned Electricity Company. To boost rooftop solar PV investments, Indonesia needs to adopt successful programs in developed countries, such as an application that can provide information on the benefits and costs of rooftop solar PV shortly and comprehensively. Our study aims to create an application, called the electronic survey, monitoring, and reporting of PV (e-SMART PV), application. Compared to other similar applications, e-SMART PV is able to inform the investment costs and potential for electricity production by considering the regulations in Indonesia that are different from developed countries. Moreover, e-SMART also has better economic analysis compared to existing similar applications.@en

Indonesia aims to decarbonize the energy sector by accelerating the use of new and renewable energy, expected to reach 31% of total energy supply in 2050. One of important tools to achieve the target is renewable energy potential maps including hydro energy potential maps. Yet, existing hydro energy potential maps have several weaknesses such as sites coordinate not on the river network. This study aims to update and to improve the run-off river system energy hydro maps by using a novel method considering multiple factors that are head values, discharge river, gravity, and the efficiency of the hydro system. In calculating the head value, we use DEM data from SRTM 1 arc second to estimate difference between upstream and downstream elevations. We also did Q90 modeling using WFLOW software as generate the discharge value. In the end, we verified the maps by using field measurement data in 776 sites from previous study. As a result, we estimate the total potential of hydro energy with the run-off river system in Indonesia reaches 94,627 MW distributed in 52,566 sites.@en