India has experienced rapid industrialisation which has led to a significant increase in consumption and, in turn, in waste generation. The informal waste sector (IWS) plays a key role in managing consumer waste. However, this sector is subject to negative social and economic conditions and its integration in formal systems remains unsolved. Understanding institutions as strategies, norms and rules that guide the behaviour of actors, and acknowledging that institutions are connected to one another, this research focuses on the waste management system of Chennai, India to answer How the institutional network of the waste system influence the integration of the informal waste sector? The Institutional Network Analysis method is applied to data obtained from desk research and stakeholder interviews. The network analysis reveals the following results: 1) the Municipality is the major bottleneck for the sector's integration; 2) the large gap between rules-in-use and rules-in-form (i.e., IWS is legally recognised since 2016 but integration has not happened in practice); 3) it is not a problem of policy implementation, in fact the problem lies in the stages of agenda setting and policy formulation; 4) disagreement between policy levels, between the ones that create the policy and those that have to implement it (high-level policy makers agree on the need to integrate the IWS while low-level policy makers do not deem it as a priority).

The aim of this thesis research is to find ways to support student entrepreneurs in the development of sustainable startups. Specifically, to help them to oversee the sustainability impacts during the ideating phase. A design science approach is adopted for this. Seven experts on sustainable entrepreneurship related topics and eight student entrepreneurs working on sustainable startups are interviewed. In addition, twenty entrepreneurs provide information on their experiences in a survey. Ten design requirements are deduced from the content analysis of these research activities. The design requirements are then used to compare the tools/methods mentioned and to design a new tool. This tool is evaluated in a focus group with six student entrepreneurs working on sustainable startups.

It is concluded that a major challenge for the student entrepreneurs is to determine in an early phase whether the value proposition of their startup idea makes positive sustainability impacts. This problem can be broken down into smaller ones, such as there not being a clear definition of what a sustainable startup is, there (consequently) not being a proper way to assess the sustainability, and the lack of well-supporting tools and methods in the ideating phase. The results of this study suggest that sharpening the definition of a sustainable startup and taking a systems perspective on the impacts helps the student entrepreneurs. To address this, a set of three Sustainable Startup System Mapping (SSSM) worksheets are proposed. This tool can be seen as a first step towards taking a systems perspective in the development of sustainable startups.