Rayleigh Taylor instability has been investigated numerically and experimentally by many researchers for more than a century for studying various properties. The unstable interface between the two fluids of varying density with the fluid of higher density being superposed over the fluid with lower density has been studied using various experiments and numerical models. In the recent decades the analysis was more focused on internal conditions, properties and turbulence as the experiments could be designed with more precision and advanced technologies. Lot of research has been done at varying Atwood number which is ratio of difference in the densities of fluids to the sum of fluid densities. This phenomenon happens on the surface of an expanding bubble deep-water, in nuclear explosion, astrophysics. In this review, authors have discussed the understanding of the instability and research done by some of the researchers and also have discussed some of topics which could be investigated further.

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A numerical study has been carried out on the two-dimensional flow past a circular cylinder. In this case, a splitter plate is provided at the rear stagnation point in the downstream direction. ansys fluent has been used to carry out the numerical simulations based on finite volume method approach. Grid independence was achieved and the numerical model was validated with results available in open literature at Reynolds numbers of 100, 5000, and 100,000 respectively. In the present investigation, the characteristics of vortex shedding due to the presence of splitter plate in the circular cylinder were investigated. The main focus of this research was to find the optimal splitter plate length for low, moderate, and high Reynolds numbers. It was observed that at low, moderate, and high Reynolds numbers, the drag coefficient (cd) for optimal plate length decreased drastically as compared to the baseline circular cylinder case. Moreover, the fluctuating nature of lift coefficient (cl) had also ceased. This research work has a good potential to decrease time-varying structural loads on bluff bodies by decreasing the vortex shedding frequency and consequently decreasing drag. The scope of our research extends to structures of bridges and large vehicles, radiator pipes of heat exchangers, landing gears of aircraft, and many more.@en