This paper addresses both the experimental and simulation studies on the application of overcurrent protective relay. The industrial overcurrent relays often have three individual settings. In this paper, the relay operating characteristics are set on normal inverse and very inverse curves. These curves operate as backup of each other. The third setting is also set on the instantaneous definite minimum time. The designated protection scheme protects the system with the least operating time.

This paper utilizes the electric vehicles (EVs) connected to both the building and grid at the same time. In the building, the vehicle-to-home (V2H) operation is modeled. In the gird, the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation is studied. The EV s are modeled in the building connected to the electrical grid. The EV s are able to send energy to both grid and building. The building is also equipped with solar panels and electrical loads. Uncertainty of solar energy and loads are incorporated by stochastic programming. The optimization is implemented in GAMS to find the minimum daily cost. The optimal charging-discharging regime is denoted for EV s. The results illustrate that V2H - V2G operation can efficiently minimize the energy cost under solar-load volatility.