In 2006 the Betuwe Route including three bored tunnels; was opened. Since then nearly 10 years of operation had passed when in 2015, new construction works in the vicinity of the tunnels was undertaken. During constructions the interaction needed to be evaluated. For that, systematic surveys by laser scanning in the tunnels where performed and additional ring joint rotations were evaluated. It appeared that the soft soil conditions at the Botlek tunnel leads to larger deformations, whereas the design of the rubber sealings at Pannerden is more critical for additional deformations. For the Botlek tunnel the unfavourable situations was Ramps being built in close vicinity of the tunnels, whereas at Pannerden at one cross section clay deposits from an adjacent Stone forging factory need to be relocated and at another location a cross passage needs to be built over the tunnel approach. Characteristic data from both tunnels is shown.

The main aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the modelling of vertical column tests that undergo fluidisation by the application of a hydraulic gradient. A recent advancement of the material point method (MPM), allows studying both stationary and non-stationary fluid flow while interacting with the solid phase. The fluidisation initiation and post-fluidisation processes of the soil will be investigated with an advanced MPM formulation (Double Point) in which the behavior of the solid and the liquid phase is evaluated separately, assigning to each of them a set of material points (MPs). The result of these simulations are compared to analytic solutions and measurements from laboratory experiments. This work is used as a benchmark test for the MPM double point formulation in the Anura3D software and to verify the feasibility of the software for possible future engineering applications.

The main aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the modelling of vertical column tests that undergo fluidisation by the application of a hydraulic gradient. A recent advancement of the material point method (MPM), allows studying both stationary and non-stationary fluid flow while interacting with the solid phase. The fluidisation initiation and post-fluidisation processes of the soil will be investigated with an advanced MPM formulation (Double Point) in which the behaviour of the solid and the liquid phase is evaluated separately, assigning to each of them a set of material points (MP's). The result of these simulations are compared to analytic solutions and measurements from laboratory experiments. This work is used as a benchmark test for the MPM double point formulation in the Anura3D software and to verify the feasibility of the software for possible future engineering applications.