Choosing the right technologies to build an urban-scale IoT system can be challenging. There is often a focus on low-level architectural details such as the scalability of message handling. In our experience building an IoT information system requires a high-level holistic approach that mixes traditional data collection from vendor-specific cloud backends, together with data collected directly from embedded hardware and mobile devices. Supporting this heterogeneous environment can prove challenging and lead to complex systems that are difficult to develop and deploy in a timely fashion. In this paper we describe how we address these challenges by proposing a three-tiered DevOps model which we used to build an information system that is capable of providing real-time analytics of Electric Vehicle (EV) mobility usage and management within a smart city project.

@en

This paper describes the progress of world-wide research on institutional design, both on the level of the regulatory regime as well as on the level of the governance of the relation between authority and operator of public transport services. Tendering has found its way into regulatory frameworks and has become a mainstay of governance. A first conclusion is that tendering has become mature, with consequences for existing and new implementations, with refined and contextual lessons coming from research. A second conclusion shows that governance design should intelligently balance including power and control oriented elements with empathic and cooperation oriented elements. A first framework for the analysis of this balance is provided in this paper.@en