This multidisciplinary report explores the transition potential of the Phalaborwa region, South Africa, from a mining-focused economy to one that integrates sustainable water, energy, and food (WEF) systems in a post extractive setting. Set within a semi-arid climate with significant resource challenges, the study assesses WEF capacities to propose strategic, sustainable development solutions. Analysing critical issues like water scarcity, renewable energy potential, and soil management, the study presents frameworks for sustainable agriculture, water management, and energy solutions to support post-mining economic resilience. Through a multidisciplinary methodology that integrates engineering assessments and urban planning, the report addresses critical biophysical resource issues. The findings emphasize the region’s unique resource inter dependencies, outlining frameworks for post-mining development that strengthen resilience to climate pressures and resource limitations. Ultimately, this study provides actionable insights for creating a balanced, sustain able future for Phalaborwa and the surrounding area. Although the study proposes frameworks that could inform similar transitions in other semi-arid, resource-constrained regions, it also emphasizes the importance of addressing the unique complexities of each area to ensure that solutions are appropriately tailored.