Motorcycle riding is the principal mode of travel in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Motorcycle-based transport is regarded as highly problematic today due to reliance on fossil-based fuels, which contributes to climate change. Additionally, emissions from fuel combustion release air pollutants in urban areas, resulting in public health issues. Unfortunately, in LMICs, functioning and widespread public transport infrastructure will not be feasible in the near future due to economic and social tensions. As such, encouraging a mode shift from conventional motorcycles to electric motorcycles (EMs), a more sustainable transport mode, is a reasonable strategy for many jurisdictions. However, to develop effective programs to increase the adoption of EMs, it is necessary to have a better understanding of motives and barriers that determine the switching intention to EMs. To cover this gap, this investigation aims to develop a conceptual research model based on the Behavioural Reasoning Theory to explore the antecedents of the switching intention. Data from 751 conventional motorcycle users in Vietnam were used to test the model using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The moderating roles of trust and knowledge were also examined in this study. The results showed that ‘reasons for’ have no direct effect on the switching intention; however, this variable affects the intention indirectly via global motives. In contrast, ‘reasons against’ show a negative direct impact on the intention, and no indirect effect is found. The findings provide interesting insights for governments and the electric vehicle industry.@en

Background: Taxi services have played an essential role in the transport system as they contribute to urban mobility. With the rapid development of information and communication technologies, ride-hailing services, one of the typical sharing economy forms of road transport, have become increasingly popular. The uptake of app-based technologies that support the sharing economy for transport is considered to threaten the future of traditional taxi services directly. Aim: This study aims to compare the direct and indirect effects of factors such as perceived benefits of booking method, perceived safety, involvement and satisfaction on the loyalty of passengers to ride-hailing and traditional taxi services. Method: A structural equation model of the relationships among these constructs was tested using data collected from 545 respondents (263 ride-hailing passengers and 282 traditional taxi passengers) who have used these services at least once a month in Vietnam. Results: The results have confirmed that there was a strong relationship between satisfaction and loyalty for ride-hailing as well as traditional taxi services. It was also evident that the variable describing the perceived benefits of booking method was the second strongest factor influencing traditional taxi passengers’ loyalty while the perception of safety was the second most important determinant of ride-hailing passengers’ loyalty. Conclusions: Results from this investigation offer insights for the development of strategies aiming at increasing the loyalty of ride-hailing as well as traditional taxi users. By focusing on the strengths and improving the weaknesses of each transport service, these two services can be complementary and co-existing without cannibalising each other. In turn this will lead to a transport system capable to serve all types of users.@en