Building construction accounts for roughly 36% of global energy consumption and emits
about 39% of CO2 from energy use [9]. Consequently, there is a growing push to adopt
sustainable construction methods and utilize materials with low embodied energy [10]. As
buildings stand as major contributors to CO2 emissions, the focus is shifting towards timber
as a building material choice. Timber is renewable, stores carbon, and boasts low embodied
carbon from production [11]. However, while high-rise timber frames represent a significant
step in integrating timber at a larger scale, their connections often rely on steel, contributing
to increased embodied carbon.
This thesis explores the resurgence of interest in wood-to-wood connections as a response
to sustainability imperatives in modern construction. It examines the historical significance of
timber joinery, the current state of sustainable construction, and the potential of engineered
timber products in reducing carbon emissions. Furthermore, the thesis investigates modern
innovations in timber connections, focusing on the development of ductile and eco-friendly
alternatives to steel fasteners. Through theoretical frameworks, experimental studies, and
structural validations, this research aims to understand the impact of implementing timber
dry joints on the embodied carbon of high-rise timber building frames.
Results reveal that while timber dry joints offer potential in reducing embodied carbon,
their effectiveness varies. While they can reduce the need for steel fasteners, their impact
on lowering embodied carbon is limited. Conversely, the integration of continuous beams
and multiple-span floor systems proves to significantly reduce embodied carbon in timber
building frames.
Overall, the findings underscore the importance of holistic approaches in optimizing timber
building frames for sustainability, highlighting the potential of innovative design strategies in
achieving carbon reduction goals.