Spatial Planning Policy Tools

Abstract

This chapter outlines a conceptual model for understanding the range of policy tools which can be used in spatial planning. The classification of tools builds on the NATO model (nodality, authority, treasure, and organisation) proposed by Christopher Hood (1986) and differentiates between two separate functions of policy tools: substantive and procedural. Substantive policy tools refer to those which directly affect the delivery of the goals of a plan, while procedural policy tools refer to those which affect the process and procedure of developing or reviewing a plan. A further distinction is made between tools used for the activities of plan-making (and review), development control and plan enforcement, since these activities make use of different types of tools.