Integral coastal defence for Malecón of Havana, Cuba
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Abstract
This report contains a study for the Integral Coastal Defence System for the Malecón in the city of Havana, Cuba. The objective was to develop a sea defence solution that prevents unacceptable flooding of the hinterland and damage of the Malecón seawall. Deriving solutions from earlier reports and using old and new data, a solution is proposed for the entire Malecón. This solution does not meet the strict requirements set by the local governments, but it reduces the overtopping significantly. It is recommended to build a curved seawall along the entire study area, which will be supplemented with artificial berms and breakwaters at specific locations.