Multipurpose, Fully-Integrated 128×128 Event-Driven MD-SiPM with 512 16-Bit TDCs with 45 PS LSB and 20 ns Gating

Conference paper (2018)

Authors

A.J. Carimatto (OLD)Applied Quantum Architectures
A. Ulku Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
S.A. Lindner Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
E.D. D'Aillon LETI, Grenoble
B Rae ST Microelectronics, Silicon Gorge
S. Pellegrini ST Microelectronics, Silicon Gorge
E. Charbon-Iwasaki-Charbon Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
Research Group
(OLD)Applied Quantum Architectures
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Published Date

2018

Language

English

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Research Group

(OLD)Applied Quantum Architectures

Abstract

A multipurpose monolithic array of 2×2 multi-channel digital silicon photomultipliers (MD-SiPMs) fabricated in 40nm CMOS technology is presented. Each MD-SiPM comprises 64×64 smart pixels connected to 128 low-power 45ps sliding-scale time-to-digital converters (TDCs). The MD-SiPMs are designed to indirectly capture gamma events in positron emission tomography (PET). The sensor can operate in frame-based and event-driven mode; the latter best suited to capture gamma events. The digital read-out is fully embedded in the sensor and it is reconfigurable by way of serial communication. Data packets are sent following a simple protocol compatible with an external FIFO, therefore eliminating the need of an FPGA. A dedicated input can be used to operate synchronously with an event generator, such as a pulsed laser, useful in other applications, like LiDAR. The system is inherently compatible with 3D-stacking technology; thus serving as a front end for different SPAD technologies, suitable for a variety of applications.

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