Urbanisation is increasing rapidly around the world, bringing with it challenges such as energy consumption, resource depletion and social inequality. The concept of the compact city, which promotes denser settlement patterns for sustainability, has emerged as a response. However, challenges remain in the Dutch context, including land scarcity and affordability issues. Efforts to optimise land use through densification and building reuse are underway, but inefficiencies remain.
This research investigates the feasibility of implementing dual-use spaces to enhance the intensification of space use. By sharing space between functions, the total hours per square metre can be increased and the total metres built per function can be reduced, potentially mitigating land scarcity and promoting sustainability. The study proposes the incorporation of flexible dual use to maximise space efficiency, building on the compact city theory.
Using a theoretical framework of success, the research explores the feasibility of dual-use between residential and work functions, based on the coherence of characteristics on three pillars: People, Practicalities and Management. Enablers and barriers are identified through qualitative methods including literature review, case studies and expert interviews.
This research provides valuable insights for developers, policymakers, investors and practitioners seeking to maximise space utilisation and promote urban sustainability through the integration of residential and workspace functions.
In summary, the research shows that there are common motivations among the target groups, including cost-effectiveness, collaboration and the shared urban environment, while cultural factors may present barriers to adoption. Financial analysis highlights the potential cost efficiencies of shared space models, while regulatory hurdles, particularly in the residential sector, emerge as significant barriers. On the management side, research highlights the importance of active community management and flexible lease arrangements. Despite regulatory complexity and political reluctance, the study highlights the potential for innovation and increased space efficiency in urban development through dual-use approaches, while highlighting the differences between contexts. By addressing regulatory challenges and fostering a supportive policy environment, stakeholders can unlock opportunities for sustainable and vibrant communities.