Ensuring operational control over automated vehicles is not trivial and failing to do so endangers the lives of road users. An integrated approach is necessary to ensure that all agents play their part, including drivers, occupants, vehicle designers and governments. A comprehensive approach to this problem is possible by considering Meaningful Human Control (MHC). In this chapter, an Integrated System Proximity framework and Operational Process Design approach are introduced to assist the development of Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) under the consideration of MHC. The framework includes an extension to a system approach, which also considers ways that MHC can be improved through either Implicit Proximal Updating or Explicit Distal Updating. The implementation is demonstrated using recent cases from practice. Finally, stakeholders are called upon to ensure that MHC processes are explicitly included in policy, regulations, and design processes so that CAVs advance in a responsible, safe and humanly agreeable fashion.

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Ensuring operational control over automated vehicles is not trivial and failing to do so severely endangers the lives of road users. An integrated approach is necessary to ensure that all agents play their part including drivers, occupants, vehicle designers and governments. While progress is being made, a comprehensive approach to the problem is being ignored, which can be solved in the main through considering Meaningful Human Control (MHC). In this research, an Integrated System Proximity framework and Operational Process Design approach to assist the development of Connected Automated Vehicles (CAV) under the consideration of MHC are introduced. These offer a greater understanding and basis for vehicle and traffic system design by vehicle designers and governments as two important influencing stakeholders. The framework includes an extension to a system approach, which also considers ways that MHC can be improved through updating: either implicit proximal updating or explicit distal updating. The process and importance are demonstrated in three recent cases from practice. Finally, a call for action is made to government and regulatory authorities, as well as the automotive industry, to ensure that MHC processes are explicitly included in policy, regulations, and design processes to ensure future advancement of CAVs in a responsible, safe and humanly agreeable fashion.@en