Introduction: Dorsal-Root-Ganglion (DRG) stimulation has been proposed as a neuromodulatory strategy in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients for the recovery of their impaired postural stability. A detailed evaluation of DRG stimulation-induced effects on postural stability can be o
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Introduction: Dorsal-Root-Ganglion (DRG) stimulation has been proposed as a neuromodulatory strategy in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients for the recovery of their impaired postural stability. A detailed evaluation of DRG stimulation-induced effects on postural stability can be obtained by recording center of pressure (CoP) and muscle activity during seated stability tasks, combined with the validated modified Functional Reach Test (mFRT). However, this particular combination of experiments has not yet been used to quantify postural stability in SCI patients or the healthy population. The aim of this study is to investigate postural stability in the healthy population utilizing a novel experimental protocol, involving this combination of experiments, to serve as reference for SCI patients in the upcoming long-term DRG stimulation study. Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers participated in the experiments. CoP sway during upright sitting and multi-directional leaning was determined from force plate recordings. Furthermore, functional arm reach was assessed with the mFRT. Lastly, contribution of hip and trunk muscles was examined by retrieving muscle activation patterns and intermuscular coherence from surface electromyography (EMG) recordings during multi-directional trunk movements. Results: During upright sitting an average root-mean-square CoP displacement of 1 mm, velocity of 4.5 mm/s and acceleration of 175 mm/s/s was found. Maximum CoP displacements during multi-directional leaning were within 10 to 20 cm. Furthermore, the average functional arm reach was 50 cm in the forward direction and 30 cm in the lateral directions. The contribution of hip and trunk muscles to multi-directional trunk movements consisted of antagonist and contralateral muscle activation, accompanied by high intermuscular synchronization between 0-100 Hz for most neighboring muscle pairs. Conclusion: This study provides a detailed examination of postural stability in the healthy population. Some revisions of the experimental protocol must be considered to reduce the amount of cross-registraton in EMG recordings. Nevertheless, the data of this study is well suited to be employed as reference for the potential improvements in postural stability in SCI patients during the upcoming long-term DRG stimulation study.