The World Heritage Site Kinderdijk consists of a landscape of preserved 18th-century windmills and is a popular touristic location. The number of visitors is continuously growing for the World Heritage Site at Kinderdijk. Visitors arriving via the water network have to cross a busy road to reach the heritage site. This is an unsafe and unfavourable situation. A new water entrance at Kinderdijk is the solution to this problem. The plan is to add the function of a pedestrian passage to the existing discharge sluice at Kinderdijk named the Elshoutsluice. The discharge sluice is part of a flood defence and must keep its original function. The objective of this thesis is to provide a conceptual structural design for the multi-functional use of the discharge sluice at Kinderdijk including the functions for water discharge, flood defence, passage for (motorised) vehicles and pedestrians, which fulfils standards for flood safety and buildings in the Netherlands. This thesis shows how to approach a design case for adjustments of an existing hydraulic structure as a part of a flood defence. A conceptual design was made for the adaptation of the Elshoutsluice. For this study a design method according to Roozenburg and Eekels (1995) and Voorendt (2020) was used. The Elshoutsluice was divided into different subsystems and elements. The concepts for the location of the new pedestrian tunnel, the floor configuration, the roof and gates were developed. After the functional verification and evaluation, a selection was made from the best remaining alternatives for the elements and subsystems. The selected alternative is a pedestrian tunnel above culvert number 2. As a result, the existing gates of culvert 2 will be replaced with new gates to provide flood protection in case of high water. A flap gate and a vertical unfolding gate are selected. The existing technical area expands above culvert number 3. A multi-functional space is included above culvert number 3. Culverts 1 and 4 remain unchanged. Additional soil will be placed on top of the structure to provide a slope for the connection of the heightened road on top of the sluice to the road at the adjacent levee. The conceptual design and construction phase was checked for the flood safety based on the WBI 2017 and OI 2014 and fulfils the requirements. Stability checks were performed for governing load situations of the Elshoutsluice for the construction phase and use phase. The difference in loading on the structure for the initial design and the new situation was analysed. Additional checks are needed for the lateral walls in all the culverts and the top slab of culvert 1 and 4 due to the increase in shear force and bending moments. The conclusion is the resulting conceptual design.

Nowadays the city of São Paulo has to deal with a lot of traffic jams. Extending the road network is no option and the public transport network cannot keep up with the capacity either. A solution must be found in another type of transport: cycling. The current bicycle infrastructure is not sufficient in terms of connectivity. In this research, a standardised bicycle network is developed for a part of the city, which can be used during future bicycle expansion projects in São Paulo. The development of the bicycle infrastructure concerns the whole city of São Paulo, resulting in a lot of interests being affected. The people behind these interests, the stakeholders, can have an influence over the project decisions, but do usually have conflicting interests. Therefore, these stakeholders are identified and analysed, through literature review and semi-structured interviews. In this case however, most stakeholders did not seem to experience any conflicts. The biggest problem in the development of the bicycle network, is that the stakeholders all work towards the same goal, but do now cooperate towards that goal. Cooperation between multiple stakeholders would result in more power, meaning they could makemore of an impact together. Most of the stakeholder‘s expectations could be met in this case, resulting in a satisfying design for most people. As a result of literature review and the performed interviews, a list of requirements is developed as a basis for the rest of the design of the bicycle network. The conclusion was made that not only a sufficient network needed to be designed, but that incentives for use were also needed. Therefore, the list of requirements is divided into three categories: infrastructure network, incentives for use and long-term guidelines and recommendations. The rest of the standardised design is based on the list of requirements. According to the requirement list, the new cycling network has been designed by greedy algorithm. The new plan can achieve 99.51%inhabitants with 320 metres of the walking distance. And it requires a new bridge for only cyclists and pedestrians’ use to cross Pinheiros River. Due to the demand of a bridge, a structural design is required. A literature review was performed, investigating the existing situation regarding the infrastructure. In the literature study, the different bridge types with their pro’s and con’s are described. Based on the existing situation and the literature study, a sound bicycle and pedestrian bridge design is designed. In this situation, for the standardised bridge, an arch bridge is the best choice. The standardised design allows for an efficient and fast design and execution process. This design process is obtained by using a parametric design in Rhinoceros and Grasshopper, so the design of the bridge can be used for multiple spans.