The tethered formation system has been widely studied due to its extensive use in aerospace engineering, such as Earth observation, orbital location, and deep space exploration. The deployment of such a multitethered system is a problem because of the oscillations and complex formation maintenance caused by the space tether's elasticity and flexibility. In this article, a triangle tethered formation system is modeled, and an exact stable condition for the system's maintaining is carefully analyzed, which is given as the desired trajectories; then, a new control scheme is designed for its spinning deployment and stable maintenance. In the proposed scheme, a novel second-order sliding mode controller is given with a designed nonsingular sliding-variable. Based on the theoretical proof, the addressed sliding variable from the arbitrary initial condition can converge to the manifold in finite time, and then sliding to the equilibrium in finite time as well. The simulation results show that compared with classic second sliding-mode control, the proposed scheme can speed up the convergence of the states and sliding variables.

A new concept named “rotating magnetocaloric effect (RMCE)” has been proposed and attracted more attention recently. Unlike the traditional MCE that is achieved by moving the magnetic refrigerant in and out of magnetic field, RMCE can be realized by rotating the anisotropic material within the static field, thus implying the possible higher efficiency and simpler device. However, most studies on RMCE are concentrated on single crystals, which are generally more expensive and difficult to prepare in comparison with polycrystals. Therefore, it is highly desirable to search polycrystalline materials with high RMCE. Here, the textured HoNiSi polycrystal is reported to show a giant RMCE, e.g., the rotating magnetic entropy change (−ΔS_R) are 18.5 and 26.7 J/kg K and rotating adiabatic temperature change (ΔT_R) are 7.0 and 13.4 K under 2 and 5 T, respectively. This giant RMCE over a wide temperature range especially under low field suggests textured HoNiSi as promising material for practical application of rotary magnetic refrigeration. Moreover, the large magnetic anisotropy of HoNiSi is explained by the single-ion magnetic anisotropy theory, and the coherent orientation of crystallographic texture and rare-earth ion moments leads to the large RMCE in the textured HoNiSi polycrystal. This work reveals that the strongly coherent orientation of crystallographic texture and rare-earth ion moments is a key to realize large RMCE in polycrystalline materials.