Carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) are acknowledged as important R&D priorities to achieve environmental goals set for next decades. This work studies biomass-based energy supply chains with CO₂ capture and utilisation. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program. This study presents a flexible supply chain superstructure to answer issues on economic and environmental benefits achievable by integrating biomass-coal plants, CO₂ capture and utilisation plants; i.e. location of intermediate steps, fraction of CO₂ emissions captured per plant, CO₂ utilisation plants' size, among others. Moreover, eventual incentives and environmental revenues will be discussed to make an economically feasible project. A large-size case study located in Spain will be presented to highlight the proposed approach. Two key scenarios are envisaged: (i) Biomass, capture or utilisation of CO₂ are not contemplated; (ii) Biomass, capture and CO₂ utilisation are all considered. Finally, concluding remarks are drawn.

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In this work, an optimisation model for the optimal design and planning of energy supply chain is presented. The model intends to fulfil specific demands of electricity and methanol under a stipulated CO2 emissions reduction. The electricity supplied to the methanol plant is produced by the co-combustion of biomass (renewable). We consider that incorporating CO2 capture technologies causes a reduction in the efficiency of cocombustion plants. Different scenarios are investigated to evaluate the conditions under which this type of projects may become financially feasible. A case study based on the Spanish energy grid is utilised for this exercise.@en