Maintenance dredging plays a crucial role in maintaining navigable waterways. While traditional methods using Trailing Suction Hopper Dredgers (TSHDs) are well-established, Water Injection Dredgers (WIDs) are gaining popularity due to their energy efficiency. WIDs utilize hydrodynamic forces to mobilize sediment, eliminating the need for physical transport, thereby reducing energy consumption. However, a comprehensive comparison between WID and TSHD-based dredging methods has been lacking.

This research aimed to address this gap by developing a model to simulate WID operations, estimate production rates, and assess energy consumption. The model was integrated into the discrete-event simulation package OpenCLSim, enabling the comparison of different dredging strategies.

The model incorporates various factors, including sediment characteristics, hydrodynamic conditions, and equipment specifications. Production rates were estimated using empirical, theoretical, and data-driven approaches. The energy footprint was calculated by considering the power consumption of key components such as engines, jet pumps, and thrusters. A case study was conducted to validate the model and compare WID and TSHD performance. Results demonstrated that WIDs were significantly more energy-efficient per cubic meter of dredged material compared to TSHDs. However, the energy footprint is significantly effected by the operational circumstances.

The model provides valuable insights for dredging contractors and port authorities. By simulating various scenarios, stakeholders can optimize dredging strategies, minimizing environmental impact and maximizing efficiency. Future research should focus on refining the model's accuracy, expanding its applicability to diverse scenarios, and exploring the potential for optimizing dredging operations based on energy consumption. This research contributes to a better understanding of sustainable dredging practices. By promoting the adoption of energy-efficient technologies like WIDs, the dredging industry can play a vital role in mitigating its environmental impact and contributing to a more sustainable future.

The Hai Phong region is undergoing transformative changes through a Masterplan aimed at enhancing financial stability and improving the quality of life for the local community. A significant component of this Masterplan involves the construction of two new port terminals close to the mangroves of Do Son, a small town southeast of Hai Phong. Mangroves are beneficial in multiple facets. They act as a natural barrier, protecting coastlines from erosion, storm surges, and tsunamis. Additionally, mangroves contribute to water quality by filtering pollutants and trapping sediments, improving overall aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, they provide crucial habitat for various species, supporting biodiversity and serving as nurseries for many marine organisms that benefit the local community. This research investigates the potential implications of the Masterplan using the following research question: What are the potential effects of the Hai Phong Masterplan on the mangrove ecosystems and the local community? Conducted by a multidisciplinary team of six students, this research involved interviews with professionals, locals, and governmental organisations, extensive literature review, and field trips. It was concluded from this research that the construction of the port terminals have far-reaching consequences. In the mangrove area in Bang La (area A), the port terminal will have a sheltering effect over the mangrove area. This will cause sedimentation to occur and thus accretion. Also, it is also expected that the water quality will degrade further due to increased anthropogenic activity in combination with the poor sewage system present. The mangrove area in Ngoc Hai (area B) is expected to have little direct changes. The local community in Do Son shows varied awareness and support for the Masterplan, with stronger support in mangrove area A. Economic benefits, such as increased tourism, drive positive attitudes. However, there is a notable lack of awareness in area B. The willingness to participate is influenced by economic incentives, and effective communication is crucial for shaping community perspectives. With regards to the further execution of the Masterplan it is recommended to incorporate effective waste management, revise reafforestation plans to meet legal obligations, and engage key environmental stakeholders. For further research, it is recommended to conduct measurements over a more extended period of time to better understand the dynamics of the area. Additionally, more detailed research is needed to substantiate assumptions.