Buildings are a central element in our everyday private and social life, meeting some of our most basic needs such as shelter, sanitation and easy access to energy. However, these comforts do not come without a cost: European buildings alone consume 40% of the total final energy and are responsible for 36% of all CO2 emission. In Italy, 60% of the residential building stock was built before the first national law on energy efficiency and in fact some 25% of it can be considered as being highly energy inefficient. In 30 years, many of these buildings will still be standing and this threatens to lock-in the Italian residential sector on its historical emission pathways....