The internet's infrastructure relies heavily on Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs) for efficient and reliable data routing across complex networks. This thesis investigates the policies governing the allocation and management of ASNs across the five Regional Internet Registries by employing a mixed-method approach, including content analysis, surveys, and interviews. The study examines the potential impacts of recent policy changes, particularly the introduction of maintenance fees at RIPE NCC and APNIC as these fees could disproportionately affect smaller stakeholders.

The research highlights regional differences in ASN policies and the effects on stakeholders. It also explores the broader consequences of these policies for the global internet infrastructure. Based on the findings, several recommendations are proposed to harmonize policies, improve transparency, and ensure that the governance of ASNs remains responsive to the evolving needs of the Internet. The study concludes by addressing the critical balance between financial sustainability for RIRs and the accessibility of resources for diverse stakeholders.