Clay is a notoriously challenging material to dredge. Due to its adhesion and plastic behaviour, it may clog the suction head and clay balls could form down the pipe line. This will raise difficulties in estimating the production or the required power and increase the risk of downtime. As this is an expensive risk for the dredging industry, there is a lot of literature on the cutting of clay in dredging. However it is focused on the forces and stress distribution near the blade tip. Unfortunately, there is little information on the influence of adhesion and plasticity of clay on the deformation and the sliding of the chip over the tool and their contribution to the total cutting forces. Current models are likely to lack some key details of clay behaviour.
In this review, published results from experiments of cutting in clay have been aggregated. An attempt has been made to evaluate the results uniformly with dimensionless parameters derived by the Buckingham-pi method. The state of the art of models for cutting highly plastic materials is presented, providing a more detailed description of the excavation processes in submerged clay. The test results have been compared with the those existing models. This provides insights regarding chip formation and the deformation of the chip as it moves along the tool. This knowledge provides a basis for solutions needed to avoid clogging of equipment and the occurrence of clay balls.
This review is part of the CHiPS project, which investigates rapid large plastic deformations in submerged clay for Cutting Highly Plastic Soils.
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