Wood is a versatile material extensively utilized across industries due to its low density, favorable mechanical properties, and environmental benefits. However, despite considerable research, the diversity in species with varying compositions and properties remains insufficiently explored, particularly for native woods. A deeper understanding of these differences is crucial for optimizing their industrial applications. This study investigated the composition, tensile strength, flexural strength, Young’s modulus, bending stiffness and elongation at break, thermal behavior, and viscoelastic properties of three Brazilian native wood species: Araucaria angustifolia (ARA), Dipterix odorata (DOD), and Tabeuia ochracea (TOC). The density of these woods showed a linear correlation with mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus (0.9) and flexural modulus (0.9). The research revealed a linear correlation between the woods’ density and mechanical properties, with lignin content emerging as a key determinant of thermal stability. This study highlights the importance of understanding wood species’ composition and physical properties, and provides valuable insights into their behavior.@en