The rapid evolution of 5G technology has paved the way for the proliferation of resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices, collectively known as ambient IoT. While these devices offer unprecedented opportunities for connectivity and data collection, their limited computational capabilities present significant challenges in implementing robust security measures. This thesis addresses these challenges by proposing two novel lightweight security protocols tailored for ambient IoT devices within 5G networks.

The first protocol, "Lightweight security protocol instantiated using ASCON", leverages the ASCON family of cryptographic functions to ensure essential security properties while adhering to the constraints of ambient IoT devices. The protocol’s effectiveness is evaluated through simulations, focusing on computational efficiency compared to existing solutions.

The second protocol, "Data container-based security protocol", adopts a container-based approach to enhance interoperability and standardization across diverse ambient IoT device applications. This protocol facilitates seamless integration and compatibility among ambient IoT systems by encapsulating authentication and communication data within generic containers. The benefits of this approach are analyzed theoretically, highlighting its potential for standardization in heterogeneous 5G environments.

Together, these lightweight security protocols contribute to developing a secure and efficient ecosystem for ambient IoT devices within 5G networks. By addressing the challenges posed by resource-constrained devices and promoting interoperability, this thesis aims to enhance security and facilitate the widespread adoption of ambient IoT technologies in our increasingly connected world.