A novel basic antenna element for travelling-wave substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) arrays is proposed in this study. The antenna element is based on a transverse slot and newly complemented by a pair of vias used for matching and a phase shifter. By changing the geometries of the slot and the phase shifter, the amplitude and phase of a radiated wave can be controlled. The proposed approach extends the potential of transverse slots in SIW-based travelling-wave antenna arrays. To verify the capabilities of the antenna element, the authors demonstrate a six-element array with −30 dB side-lobe suppression, intended for a 24 GHz radar system. The measured results show good agreement with simulations.

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A tapered slot antenna element capable of reconfiguring its beam direction is presented. As the basic element, a Vivaldi antenna fed by a substrate integrated waveguide is chosen. The Vivaldi antenna is complemented by a parasitic planar array of small metallic patches placed in front of its aperture and by corrugated edges of the Vivaldi antenna's arms to provide reconfiguration capabilities. The proposed antenna's beam can be steered in five directions by configuring the interconnections of the parasitic patches and by activation/deactivation of the corrugated edges in the antenna arms. The antenna steers the radiation beam over ±30° in E plane and operates in the frequency band of 6.0–6.5 GHz. The measured gain at 6.25 GHz for 0°, ±15°, and ±30° beam direction of the antenna with ideal switches, is 8.4 dBi, 7.5 dBi, and 6.7 dBi, respectively.@en

In this letter, a novel concept of a high-gain Vivaldi antenna operating in the Ka frequency band is proposed. The antenna is fed by the substrate integrated waveguide. The concept overcomes shortcomings of conventional antipodal Vivaldi antenna using dielectric load with printed metal transition and transverse ripples. The added parts are optimized to obtain a wideband high-gain antenna with low cross polarization. The fabricated antenna shows very good performance over the entire Ka band where the measured gain is more than 10.5 dBi.@en