The offshore wind industry has grown significantly since the installation of the first offshore wind farm in Vindeby, Denmark, in 1991. In recent years, the need to expand offshore wind capacity has led to an increased interest in floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs), especially for deeper waters where bottom-fixed structures are impractical. This research explores the feasibility and behavior of daisy-chaining FOWTs to reduce mooring costs and anchor points, which currently account for a significant portion of installation expenses and are challenging to install.

The study focuses on spar-type FOWTs, investigating how daisy-chaining impacts the motion, stability, and mooring line forces in different wave and wind conditions. By conducting dynamic simulations with OrcaFlex software, two configurations, triangular and hexagonal, were analyzed to assess the effects of connecting multiple FOWTs. Results indicate that the daisy-chaining doesn’t increase the amplitude of roll and pitch motions compared to a single FOWT, but the system is susceptible to resonance in high sea states, causing excessive yaw motions around the z-axis. These resonances occur due to certain modes in the system being excited by peak wave frequencies, leading to amplified loads.

Despite these challenges, the study demonstrates that daisy-chaining can be feasible if the mooring and connection line design parameters are optimized to avoid resonance issues. The forces experienced in the mooring lines were found to be well within the available safe working load of industry-standard steel wire ropes, but careful design considerations are necessary to mitigate fatigue and ensure stability. This research contributes to the limited literature on shared mooring systems for FOWTs and offers insights into potential cost saving and design strategies for future offshore wind farm projects.

Playa Unión and Puerto Rawson are facing severe coastal erosion and increasingly the negative effects. Since the first half of the 20th century there have been signs of erosion, but also of sedimentation. However, the coastline in the project area is retreating over the years. The situation has recently been declared an emergency. Furthermore, there are several expansion plans for the port consisting of new quay walls and dredging. It is unsure if these plans will influence the erosion. In this report, the following research question is formed: ”What are valued, preferably nature-based, interventions that can mitigate the coastal erosion in Playa Unión and Puerto Rawson considering the planned expansion of the port?” Due to the limited information and data available, assumptions have been made during the research. A site analysis and a CoastSat analysis are conducted to research the morphology of the coastline and its drivers. The coast has been shaped into a steep upper section of coarse granular material and a gentle lower slope with finer material. The main driver of longshore sediment transport in the area are swell waves, with predominant directions SSE and E. This transport is directed from south to north, resulting in the inflow and outflow of sediments. Furthermore, there is a sediment flow from the Chubut river. Due to the construction of the port’s breakwaters, the longshore sediment transport is interrupted, which causes an imbalance in the sediment flow in the system. More sediment flows out of the system than enters, causing coastal erosion. The development of the port contains public as well as private expansion plans and maintenance dredging. The expansion plans will have little effect on its surroundings. The private plan include a parallel breakwater, which alters the natural balance in the area and dredging works, for which the stability of the existing breakwaters has to be figured out. A stakeholder analysis was done to get insights in the opinions and visions of the stakeholders. This was done by interviewing stakeholders and by doing a questionnaire, resulting in a power-interest grid and overview of interests and attitudes. The boundary conditions for the interventions and criteria for the multi-criteria analysis are partly formulated as a result of the stakeholder analysis. The following interventions were considered in this report: • Permeable pile groynes and low crested groynes
• Opening the northern breakwater: opening and reshaping with a curve, constructing tunnels underneath the breakwater and a sediment bypass
• Port expansion and a sediment bypass with power supply southern of the port
• Dredging and moving sediment
• Sediment trap
• Plant vegetation with beach nourishment
• Gravel engine
• Temporary longitudinal flood barrier as a short term intervention.
A conceptual multi-criteria analysis in combination with a nature-based assessment has been conducted to distinguish the most promising interventions in the conceptual design phase. The criteria formulated were effectiveness, easiness of implementation, maintenance, environmental impact and the benefits for recreation. From this, it can be concluded that the gravel engine and the plant vegetation with beach nourishment score the best.