Due to the complex organic properties of asphalt materials, the heating process during asphalt pavement construction will lead to the release of asphalt VOCs‧ Asphalt VOCs volatilization will cause irreversible harm to both the environment and health of construction workers‧ Researchers in the field of road construction have carried out extensive research on various emission reduction materials and technologies based on release mechanism of asphalt VOCs‧ There are no comprehensive research and intuitive comparison on emission reduction materials due to the differences between quantitative standards for emission reduction effects‧ This paper summarizes the current research status of asphalt VOCs emission reduction, including the development history of emission reduction technology and reduction mechanism of various asphalt VOCs emission reduction materials mainly based on inhibitors, warm mixing agents and flame retardants‧ In addition, the emission reduction effects of different emission reduction materials are compared and the improvement trend research direction of new and efficient asphalt VOCs reduction technology and materials are proposed to achieve green and low-emission construction‧ Finally, around the environmental protection theme of VOCs emission reduction, this study also put forward the prospect of full life cycle emission mechanism and feasibility of efficient composite materials design to support the urgent need for green transport.