According to the literature, there is a significant correlation be-tween the total experienced discomfort while seated and the maximum values of discomfort around the area of the side bolsters. However, there is not much research on bolster design. In this study pressure distribution between the human body and a bolster is recorded to see if further optimization of bolsters is possible. The study shows that the lower rib generates more pres-sure around 30-35 cm above the seat pan and it shows that there is much in-terindividual variation. In this project a new smart mechanism in the bolster was developed, which can adapt to different shapes, but it is also clear that pressure sensors in the bolster are preferable to be able to adapt to the large variation between humans.@en

Automated driving frees users from the task of driving, allowing them to engage in new activities. Using keywords related to Non-Driving-Related Activities (NDRAs) and automated vehicles (and their variants), with reference to the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) levels 3, 4, and 5, the authors identified 2430 studies from various databases and sources. Of these, 47 were included in this study, with 39 included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis of the included studies shows a positive correlation between automation levels and the diversity of NDRAs. Communication and interaction with passengers are the most common activities, followed by media consumption, rest, and relaxation. Food and drink consumption slightly surpasses working and productivity, while personal habits and hygiene are less prioritized. Although some users still value vehicle monitoring, this need decreases with higher automation levels. Key activities such as communication, laptop use, and sleeping are highlighted as significant benefits of automation, as users transition away from situational awareness and are able to perform cognitively intensive tasks. The review also addresses potential design implications to support these NDRAs and discusses related regulatory challenges.@en