The effect of direct feedback apps on households' energy savings
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Abstract
This study investigates the effectiveness of direct feedback via a smartphone/tablet application on households’ energy consumption. Energy consumption levels and self-reports on various energy behaviours and attitudes were measured for a large sample of households (n = 519) who were either given direct feedback or only indirect feedback through bi-monthly overviews. Even though households with the direct feedback reported to have more energy awareness and indicated to have made more investments and changes in their behaviour, the direct feedback did not result in any significant energy savings. For the design of future direct feedback apps, it is essential to facilitate a households’ engagement with energy management.