An exploratory analysis of the societal impacts of demand congestion

Abstract

The integration of variable renewable sources and electrification is straining electricity grids worldwide, resulting in congestion events. This research aims to understand the consequences of unmet electricity demand caused by demand congestion, to support informed decision making. Using a mixed methods approach, the study focuses on the medium voltage distribution network in Amsterdam, examining the implications of congestion for different customer segments. The research finds that demand congestion leads to a lack of universal access to electricity, as it becomes spatiotemporal-specific and dependent on the type of connection required. The study identifies industry, commercial business, public services, and urban development as key segments with varying responses to congestion. The societal impacts of congestion hinder sustainable development across environmental, social, and economic dimensions. CO2 emissions, housing delays, and employment losses are highlighted as significant impacts in Amsterdam. To mitigate these impacts, it is recommended to foster collaboration among stakeholders within the multi-actor network and make segment-specific as well as area-targeted investments. The research establishes a foundation for further studies on demand congestion and offers insights for effective congestion management in urban areas.