Conformal butterfly antennas for ultra-wideband radio direction finding applications

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Abstract

We present the design and full-wave analysis of conformal butterfly antennas for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Radio Direction Finders (RDFs). The impact of the conformal deformation on the antenna performance is evaluated, a suitable antenna cover is designed, and single antenna elements for a RDF covering the band from 250MHz to 3.5GHz are optimized. Impact of coupling between antenna elements is evaluated, and a novel calibration technique is presented in order to compensate for the mutual coupling between array elements, variations in the antenna characteristics, and the effects of the antenna supporting structure.