Roads towards fault-tolerant universal quantum computation

Review (2017)

Authors

Earl T. Campbell University of Sheffield
B.M. Terhal JARA Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule
C. Vuillot JARA Institute for Quantum Information, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule
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Published Date

13-09-2017

Language

English

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Abstract

A practical quantum computer must not merely store information, but also process it. To prevent errors introduced by noise from multiplying and spreading, a fault-tolerant computational architecture is required. Current experiments are taking the first steps toward noise-resilient logical qubits. But to convert these quantum devices from memories to processors, it is necessary to specify how a universal set of gates is performed on them. The leading proposals for doing so, such as magic-state distillation and colour-code techniques, have high resource demands. Alternative schemes, such as those that use high-dimensional quantum codes in a modular architecture, have potential benefits, but need to be explored further.