A comparison of source localization methods with varying sizes of the phased microphone array

Conference paper (2024)

Authors

A.S. Jayanthi Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects - Aerospace Engineering
Mirjam Snellen Control & Operations
A. Amiri Simkooei Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects - Aerospace Engineering
Pieter Sijtsma Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects - Aerospace Engineering
Nico van Oosten Anotec Engineering SL
Research Group
Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects (Aerospace Engineering) (TU Delft)
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Published Date

2024

Language

English

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Faculty

Aerospace Engineering

Department

Control & Operations

Research Group

Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects

Abstract

Since 2020, all commercial aircraft have been mandated to be equipped with ADS-B Out
transponders. Despite the many advantages of locating an aircraft with openly available and
accessible data, it also has some limitations. Firstly, not all aircraft, such as general aviation, are required to transmit their locations; secondly, due to obstacles such as buildings,
a location is not always transmitted at lower altitudes (75-130 m); thirdly, it is vulnerable to cyberattacks. Therefore, while it is convenient to have ADS-B Out data, creating a
computationally efficient alternative methodology for determining the aircraft location is
advisable. This paper investigates the accuracy, efficiency, and computational cost of two
methods of source localization using data taken by an array of microphones: a global optimization (GO) method called the differential evolution (DE) and the conventional beam-
forming approach (CBF). The real-world data required as input for both methods is obtained
with a 64-microphone phased array placed at a distance of 1.14 km from Rotterdam The
Hague Airport (RTHA). The 2-dimensional flight trajectories, i.e., azimuth, and elevation
relative to the array, obtained from the GO and CBF methods, are compared with the ADS-
B Out data for approaching and departing flyovers. Furthermore, the smallest size of an
array required for satisfactory localization accuracy is investigated.