Internet of Things (IoT) technology promises to bring new value creation opportunities across all major industrial sectors. This will yield industries to deploy more devices into their networks. A key pillar to ensure the safety and security of the running services on these devices is remote attestation. Unfortunately,existing solutions fail to cope with the recent challenges raised by large IoT networks. In particular, the heterogeneity of the devices used in the network affects the performance of a remote attestation protocol. Another challenge in these networks is their dynamic nature: More IoT devices may be added gradually over time. This poses a problem in terms of key management in remote attestation. We propose FADIA, the first lightweight collaborative remote attestation protocol that is designed with fairness in mind. FADIA enables fair distribution of load/tasks on the attesting devices to achieve better performance. We also leverage the Eschenauer-Gligor scheme to enable efficient addition of devices to the network. We implement our solution on heterogeneous embedded devices and evaluate it in real scenarios. The evaluation shows that FADIA can (i) increase the lifetime of a network by an order of magnitude and (ii) decrease the remote attestation runtime by a factor of 1.6.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is recognized as a disruptive innovation that has been led by industry leaders and researchers. IoT promises to improve our daily life based on smart objects interacting with each other, and that can be connected to the Internet. Building a security framework into this new paradigm is a significant technical challenge today. It is mainly due to the low-cost and resource-constrained nature of IoT devices. In most of the IoT application scenarios, the routing is done by the de-facto standard protocol called routing protocol for low power and lossy networks (RPL). The use of RPL is suitable due to its energy-efficient schemes, availability of secure and multiple communication modes, and adaptivity to work in various IoT network scenarios. Hence, many researchers are now focusing on RPL related security issues. To this end, our work provides a concise description of two major threats to RPL called sybil and wormhole attacks. Moreover, we propose two solutions to detect these attacks in RPL-based IoT networks. Specifically, our proposed techniques exploit the concept of Highest Rank Common Ancestor (HRCA) to find a common ancestor with the highest rank among all the ancestors that a pair of nodes have in the target network tree. Our two detection algorithms not only detect an ongoing attack but also localizes the position of the adversary in the network. Thus, it makes the mitigation process lightweight and fast. We implement the two approaches in Cooja, the Contiki network emulator. The results obtained from our experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the proposals concerning true positive rate, detection time, packet loss ratio, memory consumption, and network overhead. Our techniques show promising to cover more complex scenarios in the future.

The evolving of Fifth Generation (5G) networks is becoming more readily available as a significant driver of the growth of new applications and business models. Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) and Software Defined Networking (SDN) represent the critical enablers of 5G technology with the development of next-generation intelligent vehicular networks and applications. In recent years, researchers have focused on the integration of SDN and VANET, and looked at different topics related to the architecture, the benefits of software-defined VANET services, and the new functionalities to adapt them. However, the security and robustness of the complete architecture is still questionable and have been largely neglected by the research community. Moreover, the deployment and integration of different entities and several architectural components drive new security threats and vulnerabilities. In this paper, first, we survey the state-of-the-art SDN based Vehicular ad-hoc Network (SDVN) architectures for their networking infrastructure design, functionalities, benefits, and challenges. Then we discuss these architectures against major security threats that violate the key security services such as availability, privacy, authentication, and data integrity. We also discuss different countermeasures for these threats. Finally, we present the lessons learned with the directions of future research work towards provisioning stringent security solutions in new SDVN architectures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that presents a comprehensive survey and security analysis on SDVN architectures, and we believe that it will help researchers to address various challenges (e.g., flexible network management, control and high resource utilization, and scalability) in vehicular communication systems which are required to improve the future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS).